Abstract
It is well known that monotherapy does not provide therapeutic response in all hypertensive. Somepatients show an excellent response, while in others there is a poor response. Combinationantihypertensive therapy is administered when blood pressure is inadequately controlled bymonotherapy to achieve a balanced and additive antihypertensive effect with minimum adverse effects.Both angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and dihydropyridine type of calcium antagonistsare well established and widely used in monotherapy. An understanding of differences in themechanism of action of these agents allows a logical approach for the use of these agents as acombination therapy. This study was designed to evaluate the possible beneficial effects of long actingcalcium channel blocker, amlodipine and the long acting Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)inhibitor, lisinopril given either alone or in combination in patients with essential hypertension on lipidprofile (LDL-C and HDL-C) and on other parameters using a randomized double blind, crossoverstudy. The study includes 150 patients with systolic blood pressure (SBP)>140 mmHg and diastolicblood pressure (DBP) >90 mmHg received amlodipine 5 mg, lisinopril 5 mg and their combinationprior randomization schedule. Systolic, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were recorded at weeklyintervals while, serum levels of urea, creatinine, LDL-C and HDL-C where recorded at monthlyintervals, the duration of this study was 3 months. Results were obtained using paired students t-test,differences were considered significant with (p<0.05).A significant decline in SBP and DBP in all treatment groups (p<0.05) was recorded, the reductiontend to be more pronounced in the combination group. Moreover, there was a significant effect ofcombination on the heart rate, serum level of urea and creatinine, beside that, the level of HDL wassignificantly elevated with amlodipine and combination. We concluded that combination had additionalblood pressure lowering effect when compared either with amlodipine or lisinopril alone, in addition tothe greater effect on lipid profile which demonstrated that this combination is potentialantiatherosclerotic agent.
Highlights
angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and a dihydropyridine type of calcium antagonists are well established and widely used as monotherapy in patients with essential hypertension.[1]
A description of patients according to some clinical and laboratory parameters is given in tables (1, 2 and 3) Treatment with amlodipine provided a significant reduction (p
Treatment with lisinopril 5 mg provided a significant reduction of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to their levels before starting the treatment. (p0.05) as shown in Table [2]
Summary
ACE inhibitors and a dihydropyridine type of calcium antagonists are well established and widely used as monotherapy in patients with essential hypertension.[1]. Hypertension is one of the major cardiovascular risk factors, independently of age, sex, or race Arterial blood pressures, both systolic and diastolic, are correlated with the incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke. A number of clinical trials have demonstrated that a decrease in arterial blood pressure is associated with significant reductions in the rate of stroke and, to a lesser extent, in that of coronary events, circumstances that produce an overall decrease in cardiovascular mortality.[9] The association between serum cholesterol levels and the incidence of IHD has been demonstrated in experimental and epidemiological studies.[10,11] The relationship between cholesterol and IHD is continuous, gradual and highly intense.[10] The predictive value of the cholesterol level decreases with age, and is low from the sixth decade of life on
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
