Effect of Amlodipine Alone and in Combination with Enalapril on Lipid Profile in Hypertensive Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (Gaza Strip)

Hidaya Sobhi Saker

doi:10.11648/j.ajcem.20160405.16

Abstract

Hypertension with dyslipidemia is becoming a common morbidity and hyperlipidemia is considered as an independent risk factor in development of cardiovascular diseases [1]. To evaluate the effects of Amlodipine (Calcium channel blocker) alone and in combination with Enalapril (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitor) on serum lipid profile in hypertensive patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), fifty hypertensive patients with CKD were divided equally into Amlodipine (5-10mg/day) treated group and Amlodipine/Enalapril combination (5-10mg/day, 10-20mg/day) treated group. Serum lipid profile were determined before and after 2, 4 and 6 months of treatment in both groups. A significant decrease in the levels of serum lipid profile in the hypertensive patients with CKD resulted with Amlodipine therapy alone and in combination with Enalapril. In both treated groups, the used drugs significantly improved Total cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of the patients. The effect on these parameters being more pronounced in the group treated with the combination drug, when compared to that of Amlodipine treatment alone. The results indicated that both, Amlodipine monotherapy as well as Amlodipine/Enalapril combination affect the lipid profile. The observed overall higher protective effect of the combination as compared to that of Amlodipine monotherapy may improve the cardiovascular changes caused by hypertensive nephropathy.

Highlights

Many clinical studies have clearly indicated that hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are the most important risk factors for cardiovascular and coronary artery diseases [2]
A number of clinical trials have demonstrated that a decrease in arterial blood pressure is associated with significant reductions in the rate of stroke, and to a lesser extent, in that of coronary events and circumstances that produce an overall decrease in Hidaya Sobhi Saker et al.: Effect of Amlodipine Alone and in Combination with Enalapril on Lipid Profile in Hypertensive Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (Gaza Strip) cardiovascular mortality [5]
- Group I: Twenty-five (25) hypertensive patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), They were treated with 5-10 mg Amlodipine tablet, once daily for six months. - Group II: Twenty-five (25) hypertensive patients with CKD, They were treated with a combination of 5-10 mg Amlodipine and 10-20 mg Enalapril tablets once daily for six months

Summary

Introduction

Many clinical studies have clearly indicated that hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are the most important risk factors for cardiovascular and coronary artery diseases [2]. One of the most co-morbidities associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and end-stage renal disease is arterial stiffness, which increases with age. It is considered a marker for cardiovascular risk factors and organ damage [3]. A number of clinical trials have demonstrated that a decrease in arterial blood pressure is associated with significant reductions in the rate of stroke, and to a lesser extent, in that of coronary events and circumstances that produce an overall decrease in Hidaya Sobhi Saker et al.: Effect of Amlodipine Alone and in Combination with Enalapril on Lipid Profile in Hypertensive Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (Gaza Strip) cardiovascular mortality [5]. Hypertension is a major risk factor for arteriosclerosis and the beneficial effects of lowering blood pressure on the vascular morbidity and mortality are well documented and demonstrated [6]

Methods

Results

Conclusion