Possibility of Efficient Utilization of Wood Waste as a Renewable Energy Resource in Ghana

Abstract

Objective: Ghana has an abundance of energy resources, including biomass, hydrocarbons, hydropower, solar, and wind. The purpose of this work is to explain the importance of using, woody biomass in particular as a renewable source of energy. To improve the utilization of all types of woody biomass, particularly those that are currently considered waste, this paper provides an analysis and overview of the possibilities for using wood waste as a renewable energy, as well as the challenges that producers in Ghana face due to underdeveloped markets and a large amount of capital required to begin production of briquettes and pellets. Methods: The research strategy is based on the use of secondary data obtained from the internet, as well as analytic and synthetic methods in the preparation of the paper. As a data source, the literature on the production and use of biomass was used. The "Journal of Renewable Energy Review" and other expert literature were used to determine the energy potential of woody biomass residues in Ghana. Results: More than 3.5 million m3 of wood is cut annually in Ghana to meet the energy demand. Wood biomass has traditionally been used for energy but the way it is used is outdated, and its efficiency is extremely low. Additionally, the current situation on wood biomass, management of waste in saw mills and, the need for future development of the industrial development is also briefly described. It is of great necessity to fulfill what is outlined in the Convention on Climate Change to transition to a more modern method of producing and using woody biomass. Conclusion: Biomass has the potential of replacing 25% of the total energy production. Woody biomass process at sawmills generates more than 20% of residues in form of briquettes and pellets, most of which are not exploited. Creation and utilizations wood waste is limited due to lack of technologies, markets, pollution of environment with primary and secondary waste, etc.