POSSIBILITIES OF USING THE PRINCIPLES OF UNIVERSAL DESIGN IN INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER AND VOCATIONAL PRE-HIGHER EDUCATION

Abstract

The article defines the relevance of introducing universal design into the educational process of institutions of higher and vocational pre-higher education. The analysis of Ukrainian educational and normative sources, as well as domestic and foreign scientific research devoted to its study, is suggested. The article analyzes the history and essence of the concept of "universal design", systematizes the possibilities of its implementation, namely: in social space, design, things, products, creation of environment and places accessible to the widest range of people, design of information, communication and policy that allows them to be used by individuals with different needs in most diverse situations and does not provide for the creation of separate or special opportunities for such use, the organization of information technologies or services that are equally accessible or understandable to all and meet the requirements of shared use. The study summarizes the definition of the concept of "universal design in education" and systematizes the components of the educational process in institutions of higher and vocational pre-higher education, the accessibility of which can be increased by its means. Among such components are: didactic foundations of learning (approaches and principles); educational documentation (educational programs, curricul and sillabi); architecture of educational components (structure and features of educational process planning); teaching aids, in particular electronic ones; teaching and assessment methods; forms of educational interaction; design of the educational environment. 7 principles of universal design are presented: equality and accessibility of use; flexibility of use; simplicity and intuitiveness of use; accessibility of information; error tolerance; little physical effort; availability of the necessary size, place, space. Directions for their implementation in higher and vocational pre-higher education are proposed in order to increase their accessibility for students with special educational needs.