Possibilities of nailfold capillaroscopy in the differential diagnosis of immuno-inflammatory and rheumatological diseases

Abstract

Listen

Translate article

This article considers capillaroscopic changes in the patients with systemic sclerosis compared to the patients with a group of rheumatological diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, polymyositis, osteoarthritis) and the patients with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. All the patients diagnosed with systemic sclerosis according to nailfold capillaroscopy had a characteristic combination of capillary disorders (Raynauds syndrome): the expansion of all three segments of the capillary loop, the loss of capillaries, and the destruction of the nail fold. In the comparison groups, the capillaroscopic picture was represented by single pathological changes that did not add up to the pathognomonic scleroderma patterns, with the exception of the groups with dermato/polymyositis, where 2 patients had significant Raynauds syndrome. There were also significant differences in the density of the capillaries in the patients with systemic sclerosis in comparison with the other groups.