Positioning of EEG electrodes for BCI-FES control system development of knee joint movement for paraplegic

Abstract

Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is a promising method to restore mobility to individuals paralyzed due to spinal cord injury (SCI). This method will provide the electrical pulse to the surface electrodes which are attached to paralyze part such as arm or leg and will make this part constructs because of the pulse given and can achieve the desired movement later. Depend on only FES for a rehabilitation method to SCI patient is not a very effective way. The combination between FES and Brain Computer Interface (BCI) may prove useful and effective way in SCI rehabilitation. BCI is a technology that detects a patient's intention. The main target of BCI is to create an alternative way for SCI patients between brain and others partfrom their body. This BCI will record the signal from the brain and then will transfer it to paralyze part which wants to control it. There are many methods to obtain the brain signals in BCI such as electroencephalographic (EEG) measurement technique or brain mapping technique. The EEG measurement technique is mostly used in medical rehabilitation and this technique is using EEG scalp and electrodes. The position of EEG electrodes should be correctly placed according to the appropriate movement. This paper will be discussed on the positioning of EEG electrodes for BCI-FES control system development of knee joint movement for paraplegics.