Abstract
When, David Livingstone pronounced his famous maxim in 1857 regarding the mutual coexistence of evangelical work on the one hand and the promotion of trade on the other,1 he was in fact reinforcing a trend that had long been implicit in missionary enterprise. Although Livingstone's narrow view of the nature of precoloni,al trade in Africa is arguable,2 there is little doubt that the Portuguese seaborne empire combined trade with evangelism throughout its colonial history; an aphorism attributed to Vasco da Gama, I seek Christians and spices, contains a good measure of truth. This interplay between material and spiritual pursuits in the Lusitanian colonial empire has led an eminent scholar to conclude:
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
