Portal vein reconstruction based on topology

Abstract

Traditionally the intrahepatic vascular anatomy is correlated to the segment anatomy of the liver for which — following Couinaud [1] — the portal vein has been accepted as a guiding structure. This paper proposes a new method for the extraction and 3D-visualization of the portal vein based on Spiral CT data. Starting from a seed voxel, the algorithm expands stepwise within the structure of interest. Bifurcations are recognized and a symbolic tree is generated simultaneously which allows for interactive identification of sub-branches, their selection and specific colouring. The method is able to extract at least three generations of branches of the portal vein. A volume renderer is used to visualize the reconstructed portal vein superimposed to a transparent view of liver tissue and focal lesions. This provides a new tool for the planning of segment-oriented liver surgery (e.g. localization of lesions relative to the portal vein). But the method promises also to be useful for other applications, e.g. comparative studies of liver anatomy and pathology, or portosystemic shunt operations — TIPS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts).