Abstract
Porous titanium fiber mesh (TFM) is considered a suitable scaffold material for bone reconstruction. Also, TFM can be used to cover the surface of bone‐anchored devices, that is, orthopedic or dental implants. The titanium fiber size has an effect of the stiffness as well as porosity of the titanium mesh, which can influence the behavior of bone forming cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to vary TFM composition, in order to achieve different stiffness, and to assess the effects of such variation on the behavior of bone marrow‐derived stromal cells (BMSCs). With that purpose, nine types of TFM (porosities 60–87%; fiber size 22–50 μm), were examined for their mechanical properties as well as their effect on the proliferation and differentiation of rat bone marrow‐derived stromal cells (rBMSCs) up to 21 days. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that the stiffness of TFM were lower than of solid titanium and decreased with larger fiber sizes. The stiffness could effectively be tailored by altering fiber properties, which altered the pore simultaneously. For the 22 and 35 μm size fiber meshes with the highest porosity, the stiffness closely matched the value found in literature for cortical bone. Finally, all tested TFM types supported the growth and differentiation of rBMSCs. We concluded that TFM material has been proven cytocompatible. Further preclinical studies are needed to assess which TFM type is most suitable as clinical use for bone ingrowth and bone regeneration.
Highlights
| MATERIALS AND METHODSNine types of titanium fiber mesh (TFM) sheets were fabricated by and obtained from Bekaert B.V. (Zwevegem, Belgium)
Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) has limitations when applied to materials that have irregular pore geometry (Abell, Willis, & Lange, 1999), and for titanium fiber mesh (TFM) types with over 80% porosity, the flow of the mercury would occur without additional pressure, which results in the inaccuracy of the MIP analysis
The current study evaluated stiffness and in vitro cell response to TFM scaffolds with different network architecture
Summary
Nine types of TFM sheets were fabricated by and obtained from Bekaert B.V. (Zwevegem, Belgium). The theoretical porosity of TFM is the percentage void space calculated by matrix density, whereas the total porosity determined here is the fraction of the surface area between fibers from the cross-section. Four scaffolds of each TFM type were transferred to one well of a 24-wells suspension plate (Costar® 24 well plate, Corning Incorporated, Kennebunk, ME) containing 200,000 MC3T3 cells in 1 ml complete medium (50,000 cells/scaffold). This plate was incubated at 37C and 5% CO2 for 3 hr on a rotating device at 2 Hz while tilted at an angle of 50 (dynamic seeding). All statistical analyses were performed with Graphpad Prism 5 (Graphpad Software, Inc., San Diego, CA)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
