Porodica, škola, grupe vršnjaka i kriminalitet

Abstract

Criminology is an independent science, which is using the knowledge and research methods, the science of man and society, the empirical study of criminal phenomenon, i.e., crime, its perpetrators and victims, crime and the way society responds to criminal behavior. The general conditions that determine criminality are implemented through direct cause and individual factors that are directly related to criminal activity. These immediate causes and individual factors are causing crime from direct distance and therefore are called 'criminal factors'. Juvenile delinquency, judging upon its character, represents the same area of behavior as criminal behavior of adults, and it is considered as part of general crime, i.e., it has many features and characteristics in common with the crime of adults. But because of their age and other elements, primarily sociological, psychological, biological, criminal, political and other, juvenile delinquency has number of special features. Factors influencing the occurrence of juvenile delinquency are complex and vary since they the caused by specific social, economic, cultural and other relevant circumstances of individual countries and the status of young people in them. The social prevention can be defined as a system of preventive measures, programs and methods of social and governmental entities in the prevention of crime and related phenomena of social pathology. Social preventive measures imposed on children and juveniles are divided into measures aimed at individual and measures aimed at community. The socialization of young people is always a current social issue which has a multidimensional character. The socialization is the process in which children (or other new members of the society) gain knowledge about the way of life in their society. The goal of socialization is that young people learn how to behave in the community they belong to. The mediators or agents of socialization are groups or social frameworks in which the important processes of socialization are taking place. The family, school and peers are some of the most important agents of socialization, and they have the impact on personal establishment and development.