Porcine deltacoronavirus causes diarrhea in various ages of field-infected pigs in China.

Bingxiao Li,Zhanyong Wei,Lanlan Zheng,Qingwen Ding,Haiyan Li,Yabin Wang

doi:10.1042/bsr20190676

Bingxiao Li, Zhanyong Wei + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1042/bsr20190676

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Journal: Bioscience reports	Publication Date: Sep 16, 2019
Citations: 40	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Henan Agricultural University

Abstract

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel coronavirus that causes acute diarrhea in suckling piglets. In Henan province of China, three swine farms broke out diarrhea in different ages of pigs during June of 2017, March of 2018 and January of 2019, respectively. PCR method, Taqman real-time RT-PCR method, sequencing, histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were conducted with the collected samples, and the results showed that PDCoV was detected among the suckling piglets, commercial fattening pigs and sows with diarrhea. PDCoV-infected suckling piglets were characterized with thin and transparent intestinal walls from colon to caecum, spot hemorrhage at mesentery and intestinal bleeding. PDCoV RNA was detected in multiple organs and tissues by Taqman real-time RT-PCR, which had high copies in ileum, inguinal lymph node, rectum and spleen. PDCoV antigen was detected in the basal layer of jejunum and ileum by IHC. In this research, we found that PDCoV could infect various ages of farmed pigs with watery diarrhea and anorexia in different seasons in a year.

Highlights

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the subfamily Coronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae within the order Nidovirales [1]
The collected samples were detected for PDCoV, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), SADS-CoV and PoRVA/B/C by RT-PCR
PDCoV has been detected in many countries, and previous researches showed that the prevalence of PDCoV was mainly focus on suckling piglets with the mortality rate from 40 to 80% [14,15]

Summary

Introduction

PDCoV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the subfamily Coronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae within the order Nidovirales [1]. This novel virus was initially reported in Hong Kong in 2012 [2], and outbreak of PDCoV in pig herds was announced in the United States in early 2014 [3,4]. The detection of PDCoV was reported subsequently in many countries, such as South Korea, Canada, China, Vietnam and Japan [5,6,7,8,9]. Infected sows usually did not show obviously clinical signs so that the PDCoV detection in sows was often ignored

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Conclusion