Abstract
Due to autogenous bone limitations, some substitute bone grafts were developed. Collagenated porcine graft (CPG) is able to regenerate new bone, although the number of studies is insufficient, highlighting the need for future studies to better understand the biomaterial. In order to understand better CPG′s possible dental guided bone regeneration indications, the aim of this work was to determine CPG′s biological capacity to induce osteoblast differentiation in vitro and guided bone regeneration in vivo, whilst being compared with commercial hydroxyapatite and beta tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) and porcine graft alone. Cell cytotoxicity (WST-1), alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were assessed in vitro. Critical size defects of New Zealand white rabbits were used for the in vivo part, with critical size defect closures and histological analyses. WST-1 and ALP indicated that CPG directly stimulated a greater proliferation and confluency of cells with osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. Gene sequencing indicated stable bone formation markers, decreased resorption makers, and bone remodeling coupling factors, making the transition from osteoclast to osteoblast expression at the end of seven days. CPG resulted in the highest new bone regeneration by osteoconduction in critical size defects of rabbit calvaria at eight weeks. Nonetheless, all biomaterials achieved nearly complete calvaria defect closure. CPG was found to be osteoconductive, like porcine graft and HA/β-TCP, but with higher new bone formation in critical size defects of rabbit calvaria at eight weeks. CPG can be used for different dental guided bone regeneration procedures; however, further studies are necessary.
Highlights
In the fields of periodontics, endodontics, implantology, maxillofacial surgery, and orthopedics, performing bone regeneration procedures on a daily basis is a common clinical practice
collagenated porcine graft (CPG) is a homogeneous plug consisting of purified porcine type I collagen mixed with porcine bone graft at a weight ratio of 30:70
CPG resulted in the highest guided bone regeneration in critical size defects of rabbit calvaria at eight weeks, and this was achieved by osteoconduction
Summary
In the fields of periodontics, endodontics, implantology, maxillofacial surgery, and orthopedics, performing bone regeneration procedures on a daily basis is a common clinical practice. The patient must undergo a second skin incision, in addition to extended anesthesia time and hospital stay [3] For these reasons, it is important to have various options available to augment, expand, or substitute autologous bone grafts [4]. Technological evolution and an improved understanding of bone biology led to the development of several bone graft substitutes that are currently available for the treatment of large cancellous voids [5]. All of them provide an osteoconductive or structural framework for bone ingrowth that can be used for bone regeneration while reconstructing significant bone voids [6]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call