Population trends and Status of Smooth-Coated Otters (Lutrogale perspicillata) in Tungabhadra River ecosystem, Karnataka, India

Abstract

In an increasingly disturbed and fragmented environment of the Tungabhadra River in Karnataka, we conducted a study to record the current status and population trends of Smooth-coated Otters. The goal was to identify regions with a lack of information on current status, gather information to create baseline data, and understand the otter species in this river. A total of 31 sampling stations was surveyed for two years from February-2018 to February-2020. The study area selected starts from Kudli, near Shivamogga in Karnataka to Kurnool of Andhra Pradesh, spread for 531/km. While surrounded by human-modified landscapes, the Tungabhadra River remains a significant habitat for flora and fauna, including otter species. Significant parts of the Tungabhadra river ecosystems lie beyond the security offered by protected areas; In these areas where existing conditions are poorly understood; New and accurate information on otter status and population trends are created using locally appropriate methodologies such as: documenting population trends, conflict incidents from local communities by questionnaire interviews and surveying for direct sightings and indirect credible evidence (spraints, footprints, den sites, food remains, and carcasses) to document the distribution of otters in the study area. The study reveals vital localities and hotspots of smooth-coated otters in the Tungabhadra River to promote conservation, restoration, and potential reestablishment in their ranges.