Abstract
Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is one of the most important domestic avian species in the world. In the present research, fifteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were used to evaluate the diversity and population structure of 26 Chinese indigenous duck breeds across the country. The Chinese breeds showed high variation with the observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranging from 0.401 (Jinding) to 0.615 (Enshi), and the expected heterozygosity (He) ranging from 0.498 (Jinding) to 0.707 (Jingjiang). In all of the breeds, the values of Ho were significantly lower than those of He, suggesting high selection pressure on these local breeds. AMOVA and Bayesian clustering analysis showed that some breeds had mixed together. The F ST value for all breeds was 0.155, indicating medium differentiation of the Chinese indigenous breeds. The F ST value also indicated the short domestication history of most of Chinese indigenous ducks and the admixture of these breeds after domestication. Understanding the genetic relationship and structure of these breeds will provide valuable information for further conservation and utilization of the genetic resources in ducks.
Highlights
Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is one of the most important domestic avian species in the world
Many microsatellite markers were developed for ducks (Buchlolz et al, 1998; Maak et al, 2000; Stai and Hughes, 2003), but the number and polymorphism of these markers were limited
We have previously identified over 100 duck microsatellite markers, which can be used to analyze the Sampling Blood samples of 806 individual from twenty-six indigenous duck breeds (31 individuals for each breed) were collected in this study
Summary
All of the Chinese indigenous duck breeds are decreasing in population size, and even of more concern, some of the. The population and 31% of the domestic duck breeds in the reduction of effective population size would reduce genetic world, representing a rich genetic resource (Scherf, 2000). In China, the traditional defined breeds were 26 coastal area These breeds vary in body size, plumage color, according to local culture, plumage color and locations The effective population size variations in recent times and the gene flow patterns, which show the admixture of these breeds being not clear for these domestic duck breeds. 6.067±2.631 duck genetic relationship, population structure and gene flow. We used 15 polymorphic microsatellite markers to analyze the genetic diversity and admixture of 26 Chinese indigenous duck breeds from across the country. The work will provide the necessary data to understand the genetic situation of these birds and to further to conserve these genetic resources
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