Abstract
This research was conducted to study the population and diversity of soil and leaf litter mesofauna in arable soils under different types of vegetation and slope at the Agriculture Experimental Field (AEF) of University of Lampung. This study was designed to use the survey method. The soil and leaf litter samples were taken from different vegetation and slope classes. Observational variables included population and diversity index of soil mesofauna (H’), soil temperature, soil moisture content, soil pH, soil organic-C, soil total-N, and soil C/N ratio. The data of population distribution were presented in a boxplot diagram and the correlation between soil properties and mesofauna population or mesofauna diversity index were presented. The results showed that the most abundant soil mesofauna was observed in the plots with sugarcane vegetation, either sampled at the end of dry season (November 2015) or at the beginning of rainy season (April 2016). However, the highest number of leaf litter mesofauna was found in the plot with cassava vegetation. This result suggests that the cassava leaf litter most likely became the preferred substrate for mesofauna. In all treatments, the value of mesofauna diversity index (H‘) was categorized as low according to the Shannon-Weaver index. Two dominant orders frequently found in almost all vegetation types were Acarina and Collembola. The results of correlation analysis indicated that only soil pH sampled on November 2015 was positively correlated with the mesofauna population (range of pH 5.0 to 6.6). Soil moisture content sampled on November 2015 and soil C/N ratio sampled on April 2016 were positively correlated with the diversity index of soil mesofauna, respectively. Soil total-N sampled on November 2015 was negatively correlated with the soil mesofauna diversity index. The increase of leaf litter biomass appeared to promote the increase of the leaf litter mesofauna population, but not the diversity index.Keywords: diversity index, leaf litter, soil mesofauna, vegetation
Highlights
The addition of organic matter (OM) to soils may increase phosphate availability by decomposition and mineralisation of organic-P (OP), or by abiotic processes such as ligand-exchange effects on phosphate adsorption
Based on the values of adsorption isotherm parameters for the Langmuir and Freundlich equations (Table 1 and Table 2), the data presented support the hypothesis that organic amendments decreased the soils’ affinity (Langmuir KL) and capacity (Freundlich KF) for phosphate adsorption. These results are in agreement with Iyamuremye et al (1996) and Hue et al (1994) that addition of organic amendments can significantly decrease phosphate adsorption capacity of the soil
The nature of soluble organic matter from peat is likely to be relatively recalcitrant and to have a more longlasting effect in blocking phosphate adsorption sites, whilst the abundant simple organic acids originating from plant materials are degradable
Summary
The addition of OM to soils may increase phosphate availability by decomposition and mineralisation of organic-P (OP), or by abiotic processes such as ligand-exchange effects on phosphate adsorption. It is difficult to separate the effects of biotic and abiotic processes on the release of phosphate. The OM content of highly weathered soils has been shown to be negatively correlated with phosphate adsorption capacity. Singh and Gilkes (1991) found a negative correlation between phosphate sorption by soil (quantified by the Freundlich KF parameter) and soil OM (SOM) content for 97 mainly highly weathered soils of Western Australia. Based on Freundlich KF values, Dubus and Bacquer (2001) found a significant negative correlation between phosphate sorption and SOM content
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