Pomegranate Peel Extract‐Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Evaluation of Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant, and Anti‐esophageal Cancer Effects

Abstract

AbstractPomegranate is one of the popular fruits in Asian culture. Pomegranate has many pharmaceutical applications in folklore medicine. In the present study, the extract of the dried peel of pomegranate was used as a reducing agent for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Various chemical methods such as FE‐SEM, XRD, and FT‐IR were used to characterize AgNPs. The results of XRD showed 45.55 nm for the crystal size of AgNPs. A spherical morphology was confirmed for the nanoparticles using FE‐SEM images with an average size of 63.15 nm the nanoparticles. In the cellular and molecular part of the recent study, the treated cells with AgNPs were assessed by MTT assay for 48 h about the cytotoxicity and anti‐human esophageal cancer properties on normal (HUVEC) and esophageal cancer cell lines i. e. KYSE‐30, KYSE‐50, KYSE‐70, KYSE‐110, KYSE‐270, OE33, ESO26 and FLO‐1. The IC50s of AgNPs were 487, 500, 435, 461, 285, 338, 253 and 288 μg/mL against KYSE‐30, KYSE‐50, KYSE‐70, KYSE‐110, KYSE‐270, OE33, ESO26 and FLO‐1 cell lines, respectively. The viability of malignant esophageal cell lines reduced dose‐dependently in the presence of AgNPs. It seems that the anti‐human esophageal cancer effect of recent nanoparticles is due to their antioxidant effects.