Abstract
The biocompatible, viscoelastic properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in combination with the antimicrobial and antioxidant natural polyphenolic, tannic acid (TA), and the natural flavonoid and antioxidant curcumin (Cur), were used in the preparation of PVA:TA and PVA:TA:Cur cryogel composites using cryotropic gelation to combine the individually beneficial properties. The effect of TA content on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of PVA:TA cryogel composites and the antioxidant activities of PVA:TA:Cur cryogel composites was determined using Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and total phenol content (TPC) assays, and were compared. The PVA:TA:Cur cryogel composite showed the highest antioxidant activity, with a TEAC value of 2.10 ± 0.24 and a TPC value of 293 ± 12.00. The antibacterial capacity of the PVA:TA and PVA:TA:Cur 1:1:0.1 cryogel composites was examined against two different species of bacteria, E. coli and S. aureus. It was found that the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of the PVA:TA:Cur 1:1:0.1 cryogel composites varied between 5 and 10 mg/mL based on the type of microorganism, and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value was 20 mg/mL irrespective of the type of microorganism. Furthermore, the hemocompatibility of the PVA:TA cryogel composites was evaluated by examining their hemolytic and coagulation behaviors. PVA:TA 1:1 cryogels with a value of 95.7% revealed the highest blood clotting index value amongst all of the synthesized cryogels, signifying the potential for blood contacting applications. The release of TA and Cur from the cryogel composites was quantified at different pH conditions, i.e., 1.0, 7.4, and 9.0, and additionally in ethanol (EtOH) and an ethanol–water (EtOH:Wat) mixture. The solution released from the PVA:TA cryogels in PBS was tested for inhibition capability against α-glucosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.20). Concentration-dependent enzyme inhibition was observed, and 70 µL of 83 µg/mL PVA:TA (1:1) cryogel in PBS inhibited α-glucosidase enzyme solution of 0.03 unit/mL in 70 µL by 81.75 ± 0.96%.
Highlights
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a synthetic non-toxic polymer that has been used primarily for textile and packaging applications owing to its ductile mechanical properties and efficient film formation ability [1,2,3]
The present paper reports the successful preparation of PVA cryogel, PVA:Tannic acid (TA), and PVA:TA:Cur cryogel composites
PVA:TA and PVA:TA:Cur cryogel composites with desired bioactivity, such as blood compatibility and/or blood coagulation abilities as well as antioxidant and antibacterial properties, can be readily attained
Summary
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a synthetic non-toxic polymer that has been used primarily for textile and packaging applications owing to its ductile mechanical properties and efficient film formation ability [1,2,3]. Tannic acid (TA) is a natural polyphenol, is inexpensive, water soluble, and has low-toxicity [9,10], with numerous bioactive and health-promoting effects such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties, enabling many diverse biological uses [11,12]. Because of these properties, TA has been the focus of many studies for the production of many biochemical products, pharmaceuticals, membrane technologies, cosmetics, and for biomedical applications [13,14,15]. The synthesis method chosen here is cryogelation in the preparation of cryogel composites, as it is easy to apply, simple, and adaptable for the incorporation of delicate materials such as Cur as it is done below the freezing points of the used solvents (
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
