Abstract
The main objective of the current discussion was to decorate the polypyrrole (PPy) supported with copper (Cu) nanoparticles on alkali anodized steel (AS) electrode for detection of glucose in human saliva and serum samples. Initially, the steel was anodized in 10 M NaOH, and then, the electrodeposition method was applied for fabrication of CuNPs and PPy at room temperature. First time, we prepared this sensor by simple alkaline anodized method. The as-prepared electrode was represented as PPy/Cu/AS and used as an electrochemical sensor. As usual cyclic voltammetry, EIS, FESEM, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were used for the characterization and structure analysis of the prepared modified nanosensor (PPy/Cu/AS). The nanostructure of the sensor outcomes reveals that the Cu nanoparticles deposited on anodized steel (AS), a bunch of particles, like ball shape with the diameter of around 200–800 nm, and further notably, not including Fe, Cu, and no other elements were detected on the sensor. The prepared sensor exhibits a linear range of 0.1–10 mM (for saliva 1 mM) glucose with a limit of detection of $0.45~\mu \text{M}$ ( $S=3\alpha /a$ , $\alpha$ : standard deviation, ${a}$ : slope) and sensitivity is calculated to be $37.11~\mu \text{A}$ mM−1 cm−2 using amperometry. Further significantly, the usual interfering agents, such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and sucrose and fructose, were rigorously evaded from the oxidation of glucose. The prepared modified biosensor discloses an enriched electrocatalytic possessions, good stability, good amperometric response, high sensitivity, superb selectivity, and sensing regarding the oxidation of glucose. In consequence, the modified sensor was good for the imminent growth of non-enzymatic biosensors. The as-prepared sensor was successfully employed for detection of glucose in human blood serum as well as saliva samples.
Published Version
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