Polypyrrole-based nanocomposites architecture as multifunctional material for futuristic energy storage applications

Abstract

Nanoscale designing of polymer based architectures is essential to enhance the efficiency of energy storage devices for their potential applications in modern day technology. Usually, two phase nanocomposites develop a single type of interface between matrix and filler, causing an increase in dielectric constant and high energy density at the cast of charge discharge efficiency. Herein, we report a three phase (GO/CoFe2O4/PPy) novel class of nanocomposites capable of exhibiting high energy density storage. Three different components of this nanocomposite were synthesized using Hummer’s method, sol-gel auto-combustion technique and polymerization route, separately which were then combined using solution mixing technique in the presence of 0.3 M solution of FeCl3·6H2O. The development of inverse spinel structure of CoFe2O4 and its phase stability was analyzed using X-ray diffraction. Evolution of a variety of nanoarchitectures was confirmed by a field emission scanning electron microscope and its consequences on dielectric and ferroelectric response were probed via precision impedance analyzer and precision multiferroic tester. For the identification of functional groups, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed and conductive nature was examined using their I–V response curves. Dielectric response of PPy mediated by GO and CFO contents was explained on the basis of Maxwell-Wagner model. The magnetic hysteresis loops were employed and maximum magnetization, remnant magnetization, coercivity and squareness ratio were measured. Using polarization-electric field loops, energy density measurements were carried out which revealed the potential of these nanocomposites for energy storage devices.