Abstract
This scientific work was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential of aromatic plants of Thymus spp. in the East of Ukraine. These plants are known as medicinal and food around the world. All antioxidant parameters were investigated spectrophotometrically: total content of polyphenols (TPC), the total content of phenolic acids (TPAC), the total content of flavonoids (TFC), molybdenum reducing power of extracts (MRP), and antioxidant activity by DPPH method (DPPH). Investigation of ethanolic extracts demonstrated that TPC varied from 57.89 to 123.67 mg/g gallic acid equivalent (GAE) DW for Th. pulegioides, from 61.43 to 168.18 mg GAE/g for Th. serpyllum, and from 47.36 to 115.67 mg GAE/g for Th. vulgaris. TPAC ranged from 27.36 to 50.22 mg/g caffeic acid equivalent (CAE) DW for Th. pulegioides, from 28.58 to 59.62 mg CAE/g for Th. serpyllum, and from 22.95 to 53.82 mg CAE/g for Th. vulgaris. TFC was determined in a range from 29.88 to 61.23 mg/g quercetin equivalent (QE) DW for Th. pulegioides, from 36.0 to 82.43 mg QE/g for Th. serpyllum, and from 24.59 to 55.41 mg QE/g for Th. vulgaris. MRP was detected in the range of 94.65 – 204.76 mg/g Trolox equivalent (TE) DW for Th. pulegioides, 96.06 – 219.0 mg TE/g for Th. serpyllum, and 87.56 – 215.43 mg TE/g for Th. vulgaris. The antioxidant activity of extracts by the DPPH method was 6.34 – 9.23 mg TE/g for Th. pulegioides, 8.11 – 9.21 mg TE/g for Th. serpyllum, and 4.97 – 9.53 mg TE/g for Th. vulgaris. It was established that polyphenol accumulation depended on the growth stage and species. For all species was found a strong correlation between TPC and TFC (r = 0.938, 0.908, and 0.854). Investigated Thymus spp. are a valuable source of antioxidants that can be used in pharmacological studies and the food industry.
Highlights
Plant raw such as above-ground part [1], leaves [2], [3], flowers [4], pollen [5], fruits [6], [7], [8], [9], roots [10] from different plant families, vegetables [11] and food products [12], [13] is one of the most valuable sources of biologically active compounds with high antioxidant activity
The methanol extracts of Th. serpyllum and Th. vulgaris, raw of which were shade dried at 25 °C, had 22.14 and 35.73 mg/g gallic acid equivalent (GAE) of Total polyphenol content (TPC), respectively [53]
The antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts by the DPPH method was from 6.34 to 9.23 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g dry weight (DW) for Th. pulegioides, from 8.11 to 9.21 mg TE/g DW for Th. serpyllum, and from 4.97 to 9.53 mg TE/g DW for Th. vulgaris (Figure 6). These results demonstrated that maximal values of antioxidant activity by DPPH were found in the buds extracts of Th. pulegioides, Th. vulgaris and in leaf extracts of Th. serpyllum
Summary
Plant raw such as above-ground part [1], leaves [2], [3], flowers [4], pollen [5], fruits [6], [7], [8], [9], roots [10] from different plant families, vegetables [11] and food products [12], [13] is one of the most valuable sources of biologically active compounds with high antioxidant activity. The Lamiaceae family includes numerous species used in cosmetics, perfumery, food, and pharmaceutical industries worldwide. It is still a popular group of plants with increasing interest among aromatic cultures [14]. Among Lamiaceae representatives, Thymus spp. known for its therapeutic properties from ancient times, is a rich source of biologically active compounds, among which phenolic such as rosmarinic, salvianolic acids, luteolin glycosides with numerous biological activities [16], [17]. Th. vulgaris raw possesses antimicrobial [25], medicinal, astringent, anthelmintic, disinfectant, tonic capacities [26]. The herb of this species is used to prepare natural remedies, Volume 16
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