Polymorphism of the coding gene LGALS-3 rs2274273 as an endogenous factor of the predictive effectiveness of the plasma concentration of galectin-3 in relation to the risk of development of chf on the background of eh in women

Abstract

Objective. The purpose of the study is to improve the early diagnosis of the development of left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy (LVH) and the formation of prerequisites for chronic heart failure (CHF) in women with essential hypertension, residents of the Podillya region of Ukraine by determining the plasma concentration of galectin-3 in carriers of different polymorphic variants of the LGALS-3 (rs2274273) gene. Material and methods. 180 women of postmenopausal age, average age of 57.34±0.45, residents of the Podillya region of Ukraine, who lived in this territory in the third generation, were examined. The control group consisted of 67 women, average age of 56.43±0.64 years, without signs of cardiovascular pathology and signs of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) for other reasons were detected. The main group included 113 women with essential hypertension, of which 62 had essential hypertension with LVH without heart failure (EH II), 51 had essential hypertension with chronic heart failure stage C according to the ESH/ESC 2023 classification. General clinical examination, enzyme immunoassay method for determining the level of galectin-3 in blood plasma, genotyping of the LGALS3 (rs2274273) gene using polymerase chain reaction, and ultrasound of the heart were performed. The statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the package of statistical programs SPSS, STATISTICA v. 10.0. Mathematical methods were used: multiple regression stepwise analysis of proportional risks with 95% CI confidence interval, Fisher's linear discriminant analysis with the creation of a mathematical prognostic model, and cluster analysis. Compliance of the frequency distribution of genotypes in the studied populations to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was checked using the MedCalc Software Ltd. Odds ratio calculator. https://www.medcalc.org/calc/odds_ratio.php and calculated the odds ratio (OR) of developing left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy (LVH) and chronic heart failure (CHF).Results. In patients with EH and CHF, carrying the A allele of the LGALS-3 (rs2274273) gene was associated with a more severe degree of diastolic dysfunction and reduced LVEF compared with carriers of the GG genotype, and higher plasma levels of galectin-3 were also recorded, which were associated with a more significant deterioration structural and functional indicators of the myocardium. With the help of cluster analysis, it was found that carriers of the A allele of the LGALS-3 (rs2274273) gene are more likely to be included in unfavorable cluster 1. In contrast, in cluster 2, with a more favorable course of the disease, carriers of the GG genotype and carriers of the A allele occur with almost the same frequency. Conclusions. In postmenopausal women, residents of the Podillya region of Ukraine, carrying the A allele of the LGALS-3 (rs2274273) gene is associated with a more severe course of EH with the development of LVH, a higher concentration of galectin-3 in the blood plasma, and the formation of CHF with reduced LVEF when compared with carriers of the genotype GG.