Abstract
The aim of this study was the detection of polymorphism in the bovine growth hormone and leptin genes using the PCR-RFLP method. Apolymorphic site of the growth hormone gene (Alul loci) that results in amino acid change at position 127 of the protein chain (leucine, L tovaline, V) has been linked to differences in circulating metabolites, metabolic hormones and to milk yield. The polymorphism in bovine leptingene is situated in the intron between two exons, which results in an amino acid change at position 2059 of the protein chain (cytosine, C tothymine, T). The polymorphisms were studied in a group of 58 bulls of the Slovak spotted breed. A strategy employing PCR was used to amplify 428 bp (GH gene) and 422 bp (LEP gene) products from blood samples. Digestion of PCR products with restriction enzymes AluI and Sau3AI revealed alleles: L and V; A and B for GH gene and LEP gene, respectively. The growth hormone gene is a candidate gene for body weight gain in cattle, since it plays a fundamental role in growth regulation. Leptin plays an important role in the regulation of feed intake, energy metabolism, growth and reproduction of cattle; therefore, animals with higher leptin gene expression will probably have lower daily weight gain than others with similar forage offer and nutritional condition and will also likely have longer calving intervals.
Highlights
Bovine growth hormone (GH) is a single chain polypeptide with 190 or 191 amino acids and molecular weight 22 kDa
A 428 bp fragment of exon 5 in bovine GH gene was amplified by PCR using forward and reverse primers according to Balogh et al (2009) and PCR products of intron 2 in LEP gene with length 422 bp were carried according to Liefers et al (2002)
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the exon 5 of the bovine GH gene based on the use of restriction fragment length polymorphism was detected
Summary
Bovine growth hormone (GH) is a single chain polypeptide with 190 or 191 amino acids and molecular weight 22 kDa. Coordinated changes in tissue metabolism alter nutrient partitioning and play a key role in increasing growth performance or milk yield (Etherton and Bauman, 1998). GH is known to be responsible for galactopoesis and for the persistency of lactation (Svennersten-Sjaunja and Olsson, 2005) Because it is necessary for tissue growth, fat metabolism and homeorhesis; it has an important role in reproduction, lactation and normal body growth (Burton et al, 1994). It has this important relationship; GH can be used as a candidate gene marker for improving growth, meat or milk production and for marked-assisted selection programs in cattle, too. Flanking repeat sequences of GH gene regulate the expression of a gene (Hediger et al, 1990)
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