Abstract
CLE (CLV3/ESR) is one of the most important groups of peptide phytohormones: its members regulate the development of various plant organs and tissues, as well as interaction with some parasites and symbionts and response to environmental factors. In this regard, the identif ication and study of the CLE genes encoding the peptides of this group in cultivated plants are of great practical interest. Relatively little is known about the functions of CLE peptides in potato, since the CLE genes of the potato Solanum phureja Juz. et Buk. were characterized only in 2021. At the same time, potato includes plenty of tuberous species of the genus Solanum L., both wild and cultivated, and the diversity of its forms may depend on differences in the sequences of CLE genes. In this work, we performed a search for and analysis of the CLE gene sequences in three wild potato species (S. bukasovii Juz., S. verrucosum Schltdl., S. commersonii Dunal) and four cultivated species (S. chaucha Juz. et Buk., S. curtilobum Juz. et Buk., S. juzepczukii Juz. et Buk., S. ajanhuiri Juz. et Buk.). In total, we identif ied 332 CLE genes in the analyzed potato species: from 40 to 43 genes of this family for each potato species. All potato species taken for analysis had homologues of previously identif ied S. phureja CLE genes; at the same time, the CLE42 gene, which is absent from the S. phureja genome, is present in all other analyzed potato species. Polymorphism of CLE proteins of S. commersonii is signif icantly higher than that of other analyzed potato species, due to the fact that S. commersonii grows in places outside the growing areas of other potato species and this potato is probably not one of the ancestors of cultivated potato. We also found examples of polymorphism of domains of CLE proteins that carried different tions. Further study of potato CLE proteins will reveal their role in development, including regulation of productivity in this important agricultural crop.
Highlights
The growth and development of higher plants, as well as their response to external stimuli, are regulated by intercellular communications mediated by phytohormones
CLE peptides that are secreted into the intercellular space become ligands for receptor kinases of Leucine Reach Repeats containing ReceptorLike Kinases (LRR-RLK) families and CRINKLY4 that are located on the plasma membranes of cells (Poliushkevich et al, 2020)
Analyzing the amino acid sequences (AAS) of individual CLE proteins in different potato species, we found a high percentage of their similarity (78–98 % identical amino acids (AA)) (Fig. 2)
Summary
The growth and development of higher plants, as well as their response to external stimuli, are regulated by intercellular communications mediated by phytohormones. In addition to the well-known and thoroughly studied “classical” plant hormones (IAA, cytokinins, ABA, etc.), numerous families of peptide hormones, which are mobile secreted oligopeptides or small proteins, play an important role in the coordination of plant development (Gancheva et al, 2019). In all angiosperm species studied, the CLE peptides are encoded by numerous genes. In the reference potato genome, which is the sequence of the doubled monoploid clone Solanum phureja DM-1-3 516R44 (Gancheva et al, 2021), 41 CLE genes that encode 37 unique CLE peptides were identified. We found 332 CLE genes and identified unique peptides in individual potato species that can perform other unknown functions or be completely nonfunctional. We found similarities in the sequences of different CLEs, which may indicate their common genetic origin
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