Polymeric Biomaterials with Complimentary Role in Joint Endoprosthesis. II. Compositional and morpho-structural analysis

Dan Mihailescu,Marcel Ionel Popa,Dana Nicoleta Mihai,Lavinia Vasiliu,Alexandru Patrascu,Liliana Savin,Victor Grigorescu

doi:10.37358/mp.19.3.5239

Abstract

Successfully used in bone surgery for more than 65 years, self-hardening organic cements (CCOs), in particular acrylic cements, are today, the most advanced complementary biomaterials used in articular endoprosthesis. One of the strategies for obtaining of performing anchorage of artificial implants is to develop new acrylic cements with improved physical, chemical and biomechanical characteristics. The aim of this paper was to identify the compositional and morpho-structural changes of acrylic cements induced by the composition of the liquid phase of the material. Such changes influence the potential to generate the physical bonds responsible for fixation and stabilization of endoprosthesis. The samples studied had different compositions due to the mixture of acrylic monomers, methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BuA) in the liquid component of cement. The MMA / BuA ratio varied between 1/0 v / v and 1/4 v / v. Changes in the composition and morphology of cement samples have been highlighted by ESCA (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis), EDX (Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy), IR spectroscopy and SEM images. The obtained data show that minor changes in cement composition can significantly influence morpho-structural characteristics such as pore size and their distribution in the mass of fixing material.

Highlights

Used in bone surgery for more than 65 years, self-hardening organic cements (CCOs), in particular acrylic cements, are today, the most advanced complementary biomaterials used in articular endoprosthesis
The aim of this study is to evaluate the compositional and morpho-structural modifications of some organic cements due to the modification of their nature and the ratio between the solid and liquid components of the cement
The fixation and stabilization of the prosthesis is a result of an assemble of chemical and physical processes of high complexity that occur from the moment of application of the cement until it’s hardening

Summary

Introduction

Used in bone surgery for more than 65 years, self-hardening organic cements (CCOs), in particular acrylic cements, are today, the most advanced complementary biomaterials used in articular endoprosthesis. The aim of this paper was to identify the compositional and morpho-structural changes of acrylic cements induced by the composition of the liquid phase of the material. Such changes influence the potential to generate the physical bonds responsible for fixation and stabilization of endoprosthesis. The obtained data show that minor changes in cement composition can significantly influence morpho-structural characteristics such as pore size and their distribution in the mass of fixing material. A biomaterial used for fixation/consolidation of a prosthesis has to have a high affinity for the surrounding environment (metal, bone), as well as an adequate cohesion in order to sustain the mechanical solicitation during the use of the prosthesis

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