Abstract
Polymer derived ceramics (PDCs) are promising candidates for usages as the functionalization of inorganic Si-based materials. Compared with traditional ceramics preparation methods, it is easier to prepare and functionalize ceramics with complex shapes by using the PDCs technique, thereby broadening the application fields of inorganic Si-based ceramics. In this article, we summarized the research progress and the trends of PDCs in recent years, especially most recent three years. Fabrication techniques (traditional preparation, 3D printing, template method, freezing casting techniques, etc.), microstructural tailoring mainly via additive doping, and properties (mechanical, thermal, electrical, as well as dielectric and electromagnetic wave absorption properties) of Si-based PDCs were explicated. Meanwhile, challenges and perspectives for PDCs techniques were proposed as well, with the purpose to enlighten multiple functionalized applications of polymer-derived Si-based ceramics.
Highlights
As one of the oldest materials, silicon-based ceramic materials have received extensive attention due to their high hardness, high strength, wear resistance, excellent thermal stability, and chemical stability.they are brittle and difficult to process, which severely limits the application range of Si-based ceramics
To reduce the cracks and the porosity in ceramics, Polymer derived ceramics (PDCs) thin-films with high fracture strength and high gas tightness were prepared by polymer infiltration pyrolysis (PIP) process
The thermoplastic resin is decomposed directly, and crosslinked and cured precursor polymers are converted from polymers into ceramics, which leaves a large number of pores in the ceramics matrix, resulting in porous ceramics or hollow ceramics
Summary
As one of the oldest materials, silicon-based ceramic materials have received extensive attention due to their high hardness, high strength, wear resistance, excellent thermal stability, and chemical stability. In addition to pyrolysis temperatures, pressure [24,35] and solvent [21] affect the microstructure of PDCs. The carbothermal reduction reaction [36,37] usually occurs above 1500 ◦ C between free carbon and oxygen- as well as nitrogen-containing phases, leading to a reduction in the contents of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen accompanied by the release of gaseous products (e.g., CO, N2 , SiO) [38,39,40], obtaining new phases and causing the loss of mass of ceramic materials. The 3D printing technique enables PDCs to be easier to design and prepare components with required shapes and geometries These two aspects above greatly improve the performance and broaden the potential applications of PDCs. Polymer-derived Si-based ceramics release small molecular gases during pyrolysis and generate free paths inside the ceramics [47]. The challenges faced by PDCs techniques were summarized, and prospects were proposed, with the purpose to enlighten functionalization of polymer-derived Si-based ceramics
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