Abstract

ABSTRACT Polymer-based composites, due to their versatility and tunable properties, have become essential in sorption, energy storage, and sensing applications. This review explores the fundamental chemistry underlying phase transitions within polymer matrices during composites formation, examining how anisotropic and isotropic fillers influence the mechanical, thermal, and functional properties of polymer-based composites. The role of phase transitions is emphasized as a key factor shaping the composite properties, while porosity is highlighted as a crucial attribute impacting sorption processes (absorption and adsorption) which enhances the utility of these materials in diverse modern applications. The transformations within polymer matrices during composites development and their resultant applications in sorption, sensing, and energy storage are investigated. It is examined how filler types and morphologies affect the porosity and functional performance of polymer-based composites. Future challenges and strategies for advancing the performance and sustainability of these materials are also outlined, offering insights that support ongoing research and development in advanced polymer-based composites. The review provides an analysis of current advancements and also offers guidance for future research, making it valuable for both emerging and established researchers in the field.

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