Polymer-Decorated 2D MoS2 Synaptic Transistors for Biological Bipolar Metaplasticities Emulation**Supported by the Central South University Research Fund for Innovation-Driven Program (Grant No. 2019CX024), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2018JJ3652), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 2018M632985 and 2018T110839), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University (Grant No. 2018zzts333).

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Biological bipolar metaplasticities were successfully mimicked in two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 transistors via the implementation of two different MoS2 surface decorations, poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan bio-polymers. Interestingly, the depressing metaplasticity was successfully mimicked when the PVA bio-polymer was used as the surface decoration layer, whereas the metaplasticity of long-term potentiation was realized when the chitosan bio-polymer was taken as the surface decoration layer. Furthermore, the electronic band structures of the 2D MoS2 devices with different surface decorations were further investigated using first-principles calculations for understanding the underlying mechanisms of such bipolar metaplasticities. These results will deepen our understanding of metaplasticity, and have great potential in neuromorphic computing applications.