Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of two maize populations contrasting in polyembryony frequency; brachytic high polyembryony (BHP) and brachytic low polyembryony (BLP), and they were contrasted with two non-polyembryonic populations (control maize populations): High oil content (HOC) and mixture of commercial hybrids (HIB). Both, similarities and differences between polyembryonic and non-polyembryonic populations were found. BHP and BLP maize populations showed statistical similarities to HOC and HIB maize populations according to orthogonal contrasts in the following traits: percentages of endosperm and germ, grain hardness and crude protein, while polyembryonic populations showed statistical differences in anatomical grain composition, grain hardness, thousand kernel weight, index of floats. Considering these results, a cluster analysis was carried out and two groups were obtained; one formed by HIB and the second was integrated by BLP, BHP and HOC. Otherwise, BHP and HOC populations are more related to each other than with BHP and BLP. Polyembryonic maize populations showed better chemical and physical traits in comparison to non-polyembryonic maize. Due to the chemical characteristics of polyembryonic maize, it could be considered an option in several industrial fields, such as the dry milling industry.
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