Poly(δ-valerolactone)/Poly(ethylene-co-vinylalcohol)/β-Tri-calcium Phosphate Composite as Scaffolds: Preparation, Properties, and In Vitro Amoxicillin Release.

Mohammed Badwelan,Osama Alghamdi,Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni,Mohammed Alkindi,Ali Alrahlah,Taieb Aouak,Waseem Sharaf Saeed

doi:10.3390/polym13010046

Mohammed Badwelan, Osama Alghamdi + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13010046

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Journal: Polymers	Publication Date: Dec 24, 2020
Citations: 4	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: King Saud University

Abstract

Two poly(δ-valerolactone)/poly(ethylene-co-vinylalcohol)/β-tricalcium phosphate (PEVAL/PDVAL/β-TCP) composites containing an equal ratio of polymer and filled with 50 and 70 wt% of β-TCP microparticles were prepared by the solvent casting method. Interconnected pores were realized using the salt leached technique, and the porosity of the resulted composites was evaluated by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) method. The homogeneity of the hybrid materials was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The prepared materials’ SEM images showed interconnected micropores that respond to the conditions required to allow their uses as scaffolds. The porosity of each scaffold was determined from micro computed tomography (micro-CT) data, and the analysis of the mechanical properties of the prepared materials was studied through the stress-strain compressive test. The proliferation test results used human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to grow and proliferate on the different types of prepared materials, reflecting that the hybrid materials were non-toxic and could be biologically acceptable scaffolds. The antibacterial activity test revealed that incorporation of amoxicillin in the specimens could inhibit the bacterial growth of S. aureus. The in vitro study of the release of amoxicillin from the PEVAL/PDVAL/amoxicillin and PEVAL/PDVAL/β-TCP/amoxicillin drug carrier systems in pH media 7.4, during eight days, gave promising results, and the antibiotic diffusion in these scaffolds obeys the Fickian model.

Highlights

In the field of orthopedic and craniofacial surgery, bone tissue regeneration is a challenging procedure
There is a phenomenon of softening of the Poly(ethylene vinyl alcohol) (PEVAL) chains in the mixture, resembling a partial dissolution of this copolymer in the PDVAL in the mixture leading to its early melting
This study revealed that the β-TCP microparticles were dispersed uniformly in the PEVAL/PDVAL matrix, which was proven by the change in the thermal behavior of the resulted hybrid materials

Summary

Introduction

In the field of orthopedic and craniofacial surgery, bone tissue regeneration is a challenging procedure. Critical size bone defects that result from trauma, pathology, and fracture cause a significant clinical problem [1]. Only a very small number of these polymers have been selected for application as carriers in drug carrier systems and scaffolding preparation [5] Despite these biological advantages cited, in particular biodegradability and biocompatibility, certain disadvantages, such as their poor mechanical properties, possible disease transmission, fast resorption rate, the possibility of causing an allergic reaction, rapid bone regeneration at initial stages, bone formation after implanting these matrices occurs over a long period, rapid degradation in vivo, difficultly maintaining structural integrity, and high cost due to its scant availability [6,7,8,9], are at the origin of the limitation of their large-scale application in the biomedical field

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