Abstract
The huge quantity of water consumed per car during washing cars yields the untreated effluents discharged to the stormwater system. Wastewater samples from snow car wash and two full hand service car wash station were analyzed for pH and the presence of PO 4 3- ,TP, O&G, alkalinity, TSS, NO 3 - , NO 2 - , COD and surfactant in accordance Standard Method of Water and Wastewater 2012. Two full hand wash service stations and one station of snow foam service were investigated in this study. Amongst the stations, snow foam car wash station indicates the highest concentration of PO 4 3- , TP, O&G, TSS, COD and surfactant with the average value of 10.18 ± 0.87 mg/L, 30.93 ± 0.31 mg/L , 85.00 ± 0.64 mg/L 325.0 ± 0.6 mg/L, 485.0 ± 0.3 mg/L and 54.00 ± 2.50 mg/L as MBAS, respectively. Whereas, in parameters characterization in different stages throughout the car wash process, O&G was found to be the highest in pre soak stage, PO 4 3- , TP, TSS and COD in washing stage and NO 3 - and NO 2 - in rinse stage. All parameters were compared to Environmental Quality (Industrial Effluent) Regulations, 2009. There is a strong need to study on the characterization of car wash water in order to suggest the suitable treatment need for this type of wastewater.
Highlights
MATEC Web of Conferences high population of the focal point area
Station 3 reported the highest concentrations of PO43, Total phosphorus (TP), Oil and grease (O&G), Total suspended solid (TSS) and Chemical oxygen demand (COD)
Surfactant was found in greater concentration at Station 3 more than Station 1 due to the uses of greater nozzles hoses of foams that were applied during washing cars which yielded more foams containing surfactant
Summary
Three car wash stations with different type of washing were selected in two districts in Johor which are Parit Raja (a small town in Batu Pahat district) and Johor Bahru based on the geographical location and most common type of car wash industries in Malaysia. In a snow foam car wash the cleaning processes required high amount foams of surfactant with high pressure trigger guns and hoses connected to a water pump (Figure 1). These three stations discharged the untreated wastewater to the drains downstream of a water bodies system (Figure 2)
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