Abstract
In the investigated material, consisting of 143 honey samples, pollen grains of 109 taxa were identified; 80 were represented by nectariferous plants and 29 by non-nectariferous plants. In the pollen of nectariferous plants, 17 anemophilous and 12 entomophilous taxa were found. In particular honey samples, from 1 up to 13 taxa were noted. The identified pollen grains came from plants belonging to 19 botanical families. The most frequently represented families were as follows: Rosaceae, Poaceae and Ranunculaceae. The percentage proportion of pollen of non-nectariferous taxa varied and it was within a range of 0.3% to 69.4%. The highest average frequency among anemophilous plants was demonstrated by the pollen of Poaceae (others), <i>Quercus</i> and <i>Rumex</i>, whereas among entomophilous plants by the pollen of <i>Filipendula</i>, <i>Plantago</i> and <i>Fragaria</i>.
Highlights
Among different components in honey, there are floral pollen grains
The presence of pollen of non-nectariferous plants was found in all the honeys
The family Rosaceae was represented most frequently and pollen grains of Filipendula, Fragaria, Rosa and Sanguisorba were distinguished within this family
Summary
Among different components in honey, there are floral pollen grains Their presence is associated with contamination of nectar with pollen within a flower, secondary contamination of honey in combs or the blowing of pollen into a hive. Melissopalynological analysis of a honey allows determining its botanical and geographical origin, the date of collection of the honey from the hive as well as distinguishing monofloral and multifloral honeys. It enables plants providing pollen flow for bees to be identified. The aim of the study was to identify the proportions of pollen of non-nectariferous (entomophilous and anemophilous) plants in honeys of some communes of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (regional administrative unit). The study was conducted based on microscopic images of 143 honey samples
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