Abstract
The morphology of pollen grains of <em>Rosa gallica</em> was studied on the basis of material from 15 natural localities in southern Poland. It was ascertained that the diagnostic features of pollen grains of <em>R. gallica</em> were: the presence of deep, often Y-shaped striae in a linear arrangement; numerous perforations of various, rather big diameters on the bottom of striae; the occurrence of operculum on the membrane of ectocolpus; the presence of costae ectocolpi and fastigium in the area of endopori. The most significant differences among the particular samples studied concern the shape of grains. The differences between pollen grains of 15 individuals of <em>Rosa gallica</em> from southern Poland are generally slight. The most discriminating measured character is length of equatorial axis of pollen grain and length of ectocolpi and thickness of exine along polar axis. The remaining differentiate the individuals with smaller significance. The differences between Silesian samples and all the other examined ones may result from origin of different Pleistocene refugia.
Highlights
In a systematic approach, Rosa gallica L. (= pumila Jacq.) belongs to the family Rosaceae L. and is the only representative of the section Rosa (= Gallicanae DC.) in Poland
In the systematics proposed by Zieliñski (1985), this species has no taxa of a lower rank, while the Hungarian botanist Soó (1966) distinguishes two subspecies: R. gallica, subsp. gallica and subsp. leiostyla
The principal aim of the present research was to describe the morphology of pollen grains of Rosa gallica on the basis of a large sample and to define the position vis a vis other authors, concerning the rank of the diagnostic features of grains of the species under study
Summary
Rosa gallica L. (= pumila Jacq.) belongs to the family Rosaceae L. and is the only representative of the section Rosa (= Gallicanae DC.) in Poland. In the systematics proposed by Zieliñski (1985), this species has no taxa of a lower rank, while the Hungarian botanist Soó (1966) distinguishes two subspecies: R. gallica, subsp. In the opinion of Popek (1996), the taxon found in Poland is the subspecies gallica. Gallica has in Poland many forms: var. Kláterský and Browicz (1964) report that this species occurs, or occurred, in 177 localities scattered throughout southern Poland. Major concentrations of species localities, can be found in the area of Kraków and Zamoæ (Browicz and Gostyñska 1963; Zieliñski 1987). The latest data on the distribution of this species are reported by Zaj1c and Zaj1c (2001). That is why the current localities of R. gallica reported in this article are a valuable addition to our knowledge on the distribution of this species in Poland. In Polish Red Data Book of Plants, R. gallica, has the category vulnerable VU (Zieliñski 2001)
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