Politics of Mining: Ecological and Economic Dynamics in Maluku Utara

Abstract

The mining issue in North Maluku Province has become a primary focus, resulting in serious impacts on the economic and investment climate. Challenges related to mining activities include environmental damage, pollution, land conflicts, illegal operations, and licensing issues. The conflict of interest among mining companies, the government, and local communities is worsening over time due to unmet community needs and a shift from protests to resistance. Factors influencing the escalation of conflict include centralization in decision-making regarding mining resources by the government, reducing the participation of local communities in policy processes. Additionally, the lack of concern from mining companies for the welfare of local communities, particularly regarding compensation and social impacts, is also a cause of escalating conflict. This research utilized a descriptive qualitative method. The research findings indicate that community opposition to mining concession policies is caused by neglect of the rights of local communities in terms of compensation, discriminatory treatment in workforce recruitment, and environmental damage post-mining. This underscores the need for holistic and sustainable solutions to resolve mining conflicts in the region, considering the interests of all involved parties.