Abstract
<p>This research attempts to analyze the reason or consideration of Indonesian government to not ratify Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) yet, in political economy analysis comprises interest of many actors, limitations of capacity of state, the influence of ratification towards Indonesian tobacco trade, FCTC implementation among the Parties, and projection of Indonesia’s possibility to comply with this regulation. FCTC has a number of instruments in tobacco control which was arranged by World Health Organization since 1999. This research become necessary due to Indonesia as only one a country in Asia which have not ratified yet, whereas Indonesia has been the fifth biggest of tobacco consumer in the world. It is a qualitative research, where data were collected through interview technique to the certain sources, and other supporting data from books and publication document. It has been analyzed using Chayes concept about compliance and non-compliance with international regulatory agreement consist of ambiguity and lack of capacity, interests, norms, and efficiency. In observing this issue, we can clarify that different interests of actors have become major consideration of Indonesian government to not comply with this convention regarding on the differences priority within ministry, the existence of business actors to influence the decision maker, employment, tobacco farmers, and social cultural aspects. In the forthcoming, there is a possibility that Indonesia will ratify FCTC due to Tobacco Roadmap which is arranged by Ministry of Industry of Indonesia in long-term planning assert that health aspect will be the main priority more than state revenues and employment. In addition, there are a lot of regencies and cities in Indonesia which have been implementing tobacco control regulation. This research, eventually, is expected to provide input analysis to the government in accordance with FCTC.</p>
Highlights
Purposes and Benefits As mentioned in background, this research is conducted to examine the reasons and considerations to not ratify Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) yet from political economy analysis regarding on the interests of actors, lack of capacity, the influence of ratification on Indonesia tobacco trade, FCTC implementation by the Parties, and projection of possibility to comply with this regulation
As a result of an-conformity between interests, norms, and efficiency among the FCTC Parties and Indonesia that this country refuses to comply. Before we discuss these factors, I will provide a brief explanation about the points of non-compliance Indonesia
In some provisions within these regulation, there are still numerous points can’t be addressed by Indonesia, though there have been some provision adopted in domestic regulations, in PP 109/ 2012 about Protection concerning to addictive substances
Summary
BackgroundIndonesia is one of the biggest tobacco producer in the world through production ability 2,2% of a total production of global tobacco.1 As a major producer, controversy of tobacco using in body health has been becoming crucial problem in society. Purposes and Benefits As mentioned in background, this research is conducted to examine the reasons and considerations to not ratify FCTC yet from political economy analysis regarding on the interests of actors, lack of capacity, the influence of ratification on Indonesia tobacco trade, FCTC implementation by the Parties, and projection of possibility to comply with this regulation.
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