Political culture and the paradox of poverty in Nigeria

Abstract

While Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa with the highest Gross Domestic Product (GDP), it continues to exhibit economic underperformance and high unemployment rates. Available reports suggest that since the 1970s, the country has earned over US$500 billion in oil revenue alone, yet remains mired in poverty. This study examines the relationship, if any, between political culture and high incidence of poverty in Nigeria. The study employed a stratified sampling procedure along with questionnaires for data collection. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings suggest that political culture plays a critical role in the social and economic development of Nigeria. Additionally, religious and ethnic biases, as well as the political entrepreneurship of godfathers have contributed to poor electoral choices that in turn exacerbate the deteriorating standards of living, limited employment opportunities, endemic poverty, and insecurity in Nigeria. The study recommends among others that politics based on ideology should be encouraged rather than an identity-based politics on the grounds of religion or ethnicity.