Abstract
Poling conditions are usually established for ferroelectric ceramics in such a way as to produce as high a degree of polarization uniformity as possible. However, ceramics with a very non-uniform polarization distribution in the direction parallel to the polar axis have a number of potential applications including monolithic bimorphs, actuators, and vibrators with unusual modes. In this study, PZT ceramics with a large Zr/Ti ratio and a high Sn content (PSZT) were poled under a variety of single- and two-stage conditions designed to deliberately produce non-uniform polarization distributions. The Laser Intensity Modulation Method (LIMM) was used to determine the distributions in a quantitative and nondestructive manner.
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