Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine genetic diversity of rabbit by blood plasma protein variance using electrophoresis at loci of pre-albumin (Pa), albumin (Alb), ceruloplasmin (Cp), transferrin (Tf), post-transferrin (P-tf) and amylase-I (Am-I). The blood analysis was performed at the Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. The materials used were 63 blood samples of rex, local and new zealand white (NZW) rabbit, in which the number of sample in each breed was 21, respectively. Materials were taken randomly. The protein bands resulted from electrophoresis were used to calculate the value of the gene frequency. Genetic diversity was determined by using individual heterozygosity (h) and the average heterozygosity ( ) formulas. The genetic distance among breeds of rabbits was analyzed by using DISPAN and MEGA 6.06 programs. Chi-square (X2) was used to test of Hardy-Weinberg Law (HWL) equilibrium. The results showed that the loci of prealbumin (Pa), albumin (Alb), ceruloplasmin (Cp), transferrin (Tf), post-transferrin (P-tf) and amylase-I (Am-I) in Rex, local and NZW rabbits were polymorphic. Rex and NZW rabbits had close genetic relationships based on phylogeny tree analysis. Chi-square test showed that rex, local and NZW rabbits were in HWL equilibrium for locus of Pa, and Cp, while at the locus of Alb, Tf, P-tf and Amy-I were in HWL unequilibrium. In conclusion, there are genetic variability of six locuses in rex, local and NZW rabbits.
Highlights
Kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus) merupakan ternak herbivora yang dalam sistematik zoologis diklasifikasikan dalam filum Chordata, kelas Mammalia, orda Logomorpha, family Leporidae, genus Orcytolagus dan spesies Orcytolagus cuniculus (Lebas et al, 1997)
The protein bands resulted from electrophoresis were used to calculate the value of the gene frequency
Genetic diversity was determined by using individual heterozygosity (h) and the average heterozygosity ( ) formulas
Summary
Kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus) merupakan ternak herbivora yang dalam sistematik zoologis diklasifikasikan dalam filum Chordata, kelas Mammalia, orda Logomorpha, family Leporidae, genus Orcytolagus dan spesies Orcytolagus cuniculus (Lebas et al, 1997). Dinyatakan oleh Brahmantiyo dan Raharjo (2009) bahwa produktivitas karkas kelinci yang tinggi membuat bangsa kelinci rex mulai diternakan untuk diambil dagingnya. Polimorfisme pada ternak, termasuk kelinci, diperlukan untuk mengetahui tingkat keragaman genetik yang dapat digunakan sebagai penanda molekuler. Jenis protein dalam darah dapat menunjukkan polimorfisme dengan menggunakan prosedur elektroforesis yang merupakan cerminan adanya perbedaan genetik. Alel dengan bobot molekul berbeda akan menunjukkan mobilitas yang berbeda dari katoda ke anoda pada proses elektroforesis dan menghasilkan gambaran genotip yang berbeda (Astuti, 1997). Parameter yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur keragaman genetik adalah dengan rataan heterozigositas per lokus. Oleh karena itu penelitian tentang analisis keragaman genetik pada kelinci menjadi penting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik kelinci rex, lokal dan NZW melalui analisis protein darah prealbumin (Pa), albumin (Alb), ceruloplasmin (Cp), transferin (Tf), post-transferin (Ptf), dan amylase-I (Am-I)
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