Abstract
Abstract A most striking anomaly is observed in the behavior of KTa1-x Nb x O3 (KTN) and K1-y Li y TaO3 (KLT) in the form of a remanent polarization well above Tc. We have measured hysteresis loops at different frequencies and for several concentrations of KTN and KLT single crystals. The concentrations that have been investigated are 1.2%, 3.5%, 15.7% Nb, and 3.5% Li. The shape of the loop changes significantly below a certain temperature signaling the onset of collective effects. Further changes as a function of frequency are shown to be due to the slow relaxation of randomly distributed off-center Nb or Li ions interacting in clusters. We have also developed a model of the dynamical polarization and calculate hysteresis loops which are in good agreement with experiment.
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