Polarization coupling in single-mode single-polarization optical fibers with a broadband light source

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A set of coupled power equations that is applicable to the general case of a quasi-monochromatic light source is derived from the set of coupled amplitude equations for single-mode single polarization (SMSP). The spectral densities of Lorentzian-shaped and Gaussian-shaped distributions are characterized for the quasi-monochromatic light source. Our final results show that the power coupling coefficients are related not only to the birefringence of the SMSP fibers but also to the leaky-mode loss and the spectral half-width of the light source.