Abstract
针对点云配准过程中点云数据量大、配准时间长、配准精度低的问题，提出了一种基于内部形态描述子（intrinsic shape signatures, ISS）和三维形状上下文描述子（3D shape context, 3DSC）的点云配准算法。该方法首先使用体素网格滤波器对点云进行下采样，接着利用ISS算法提取特征点，并通过3DSC进行描述，然后通过改进的随机采样一致性（randon sample consensus, RANSAC）算法进行粗匹配，最后用改进的迭代最近点算法（iterative closest point, ICP)对点云进行精匹配。试验结果表明，与基于ISS+3DSC的三维正态分布变换(normal distribution transformation, NDT)算法和基于采样一致性初始配准（sample consensus initial aligment, SAC-IA）的ICP算法相比，本文算法的配准精度及效率更高，且对于数据量大的点云也有较好的匹配效果。
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