Pneumatic feed mechanism for accurate sowing of bare cotton seeds

Abstract

The article considers the development of machines that improve sowing and increase the quality of technological operations when sowing cotton. The studies have been carried out for three years in the zone of sharply continental climate of the Republic of Uzbekistan on typical gray soils. The factors influencing the decrease in the efficiency of crop production for the Central Asian region are analyzed. The purpose of the use of clustered sowing of cotton with a given number of seeds in the cluster is substantiated. The results of research on the development of a pneumatic feed mechanism with optimal parameters for accurate sowing of bare cotton seeds in a clustered method for the soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan are presented. The physical and mechanical properties of bare cotton seeds of industrial grades C-6524 and “Sulton” were studied. An improved design of a pneumatic feed mechanism is proposed, including a sowing disc with suction cells, which are made in the form of a triangle with rounded tops and with a bridge inside. In this case, the bridge has a Y - shaped form, abuts with its ends against the sides of the triangle. At the same time, a technical result is achieved, it consists in creating the best conditions for a rational group arrangement and reliable suction of cotton seeds in the cells of the sowing disk, which improves the accuracy of their group sowing into the cluster and stable formation of maximum accuracy clusters in the furrow. The data on the economic efficiency of the use of a pneumatic planter equipped with exact feed mechanisms with substantiated parameters for sowing bare cotton seeds by the clustered method are presented.