Abstract
The rapid expansion of wireless monitoring and surveillance applications in several domains reinforces the trend of exploiting emerging technologies such as the cognitive radio. However, these technologies have to adjust their working concepts to consider the common characteristics of conventional wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The cognitive radio sensor network (CRSN), still an immature technology, has to deal with new networks that might have different types of data, traffic patterns, or quality of service (QoS) requirements. In this paper, we design and model a new cognitive radio-based medium access control (MAC) algorithm dealing with the heterogeneous nature of the developed networks in terms of either the traffic pattern or the required QoS for the node applications. The proposed algorithm decreases the consumed power on several fronts, provides satisfactory levels of latency and spectrum utilization with efficient scheduling, and manages the radio resources for various traffic conditions. An intensive performance evaluation is conducted to study the impact of key parameters such as the channel idle time length, node density, and the number of available channels. The performance evaluation of the proposed algorithm shows a better performance than the comparable protocols. Moreover, the results manifest that the proposed algorithm is suitable for real time monitoring applications.
Highlights
Implementing a wireless sensor network (WSN) in new monitoring applications requires several improvements to overcome the problems degrading the system performance
Convinced of the fact that the fast and fine sensing operations adopted in IEEE 802.22 [10] cannot take place in the cognitive radio sensor network (CRSN) because they consume enormous power and require higher computational capabilities, some studies [11][12] deal with the energy efficiency concern in terms of the spectrum sensing processes only
The delay model is based on an M/G/C priority queue though the system uses a common control channel that is based on carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) scheme
Summary
Implementing a wireless sensor network (WSN) in new monitoring applications requires several improvements to overcome the problems degrading the system performance. Convinced of the fact that the fast and fine sensing operations adopted in IEEE 802.22 [10] cannot take place in the CRSN because they consume enormous power and require higher computational capabilities, some studies [11][12] deal with the energy efficiency concern in terms of the spectrum sensing processes only. The proposed algorithm in this study, i.e. the pliable cognitive MAC (PCMAC), depends on a combination of database and SS techniques This combination aims at enhancing the opportunistic utilization performance by protecting both the PU and the SU data from interference. This paper is one amongst the few works that study the scheduling and resource management in CRSN networks with nodes that might contain either several types of sensor or several importance levels for the data.
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