Abstract
Introduction: Pleural empyema is a common disease and involves an increasing number of patients. Here, we describe a case of pleural empyema and bacteremia secondary to hemorrhage of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the oral and maxillofacial regions. Case Summary: A 23-year-old female diagnosed with maxillofacial AVM previously presented to our hospital with fever and dyspnea for 8 days. Chest computed tomography (CT) images showed that she had pleural empyema. Bacterial detection showed the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Actinomyces odontolyticus, and Parvimonas micra. Antibiotic therapy combined with pleural space drainage were not effective until the hemorrhage of the AVM stopped. Conclusion: AVM rupture and bleeding may lead to persistent or refractory infection, and hemostasis is vital in preventing infection secondary to AVM.
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