Abstract
Obesity, diabetes and hypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) because they promote a state of hypercoagulability. It is known that platelets play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have evaluated platelet volume indexes (PVIs) in individuals with risk factors for CVD to better understand the platelet mechanisms involved in their development. The IVPs indirectly estimate platelet function and are easily obtained from automated hematology analyzers, which provide platelet counts, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and the platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR). The present study aims to review literature studies that investigated the association between PVIs and obesity, diabetes, and arterial hypertension, in order to evaluate its use as a potential subclinical marker of CVD. Studies have shown promising results for MPV, an index that allows for early detection of platelet activation and may be useful in identifying patients before the onset of CVD development so that preventive strategies can be implemented. The PDW, although evaluated by a smaller number of studies, also showed promising results. However, there is still a long way to go in order for the MPV and PDW to be used in clinical practice, since there is still a need for more epidemiological evidence, establishing reference values, and standardizing the way results are presented.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are represented by a set of diseases that affect blood vessels and the heart
It is known that platelets play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis and thrombi[3]
Studies have investigated the association between platelet volume indexes (PVIs) and risk factors for CVD, among which are obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, as an attempt to better understand the platelet mechanisms involved in its development[1,3,6,7,8,9]
Summary
Diabetes and hypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) because they promote a state of hypercoagulability. Recent studies have evaluated platelet volume indexes (PVIs) in individuals with risk factors for CVD to better understand the platelet mechanisms involved in their development. The present study aims to review literature studies that investigated the association between PVIs and obesity, diabetes, and arterial hypertension, in order to evaluate its use as a potential subclinical marker of CVD. Studies have shown promising results for MPV, an index that allows for early detection of platelet activation and may be useful in identifying patients before the onset of CVD development so that preventive strategies can be implemented. The PDW, evaluated by a smaller number of studies, showed promising results.
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