Platelet Recruitment to the Inflamed Glomerulus Occurs via an α IIbβ 3/GPVI-Dependent Pathway

Abstract

Recruitment of leukocytes to glomeruli is fundamental to the pathogenesis of many forms of glomerulonephritis. In a model of glomerulonephritis induced by in situ immune complex deposition, we previously observed that, in addition to leukocytes, platelets accumulate in glomerular capillaries, where they contribute to leukocyte recruitment. However, the mechanisms of platelet recruitment and the role of platelet-expressed P-selectin in leukocyte recruitment require further investigation. We used intravital microscopy to examine the mechanisms of platelet and leukocyte recruitment to glomeruli of mice following administration of an antibody against the glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM antibody). Platelet recruitment was initiated within five minutes of administration of anti-GBM antibody. This was unaltered by inhibition of platelet GPIbα but was prevented by the absence of platelet GPVI. Fibrinogen was deposited in glomerular capillaries via a partially intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)–dependent mechanism, and inhibition of αIIbβ3, fibrinogen and ICAM-1 inhibited platelet recruitment. Notably, neutrophil depletion also reduced platelet accumulation, indicating a cooperative interaction underlying recruitment of platelets and neutrophils. Finally, using bone marrow chimeras to restrict expression of P-selectin to platelets or endothelial cells, platelet but not endothelial P-selectin was required for glomerular leukocyte recruitment. Together these data indicate that platelet recruitment in this model is dependent on the combined actions of GPVI and the αIIbβ3/fibrinogen/ICAM-1 pathway and that platelet P-selectin is crucial for subsequent leukocyte recruitment.