Abstract
Due to their self-renewal and differentiation ability, the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied extensively. However, the MSCs lifespan is restricted; they undergo several divisions in vitro that cause several alternations in cellular features and relatively lessens their application. Thus, this study was aimed to assess the effect of platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs), a valuable source of proteins, microRNAs (miRNAs), and growth factors, on the expression of hTERT, c-MYC, p16, p53, and p21 as the most important aging and cell longevity genes alongside with population doubling time (PDT) of PMP-treated cells in comparison to a control group. Umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) were used in this study, whereby they reached a confluency of 30%. MSCs were treated by PMPs (50 µg/mL), and then, PDT was determined for both groups. Quantitative expression of hTERT, c-MYC, p16, p53, and p21 was examined through quantitative real-time PCR at various intervals (i.e. after five and thirty days as well as freezing-thawing process). Our results demonstrated that the treated group had a shorter PDT in comparison to the control group (P<0.050). The real-Time PCR data also indicated that PMPs were able to remarkably up-regulate hTERT and c-MYC genes expression while down-regulating the expression of p16, p21, and p53 genes (P<0.050), especially following five days of treatment. According to these data, it appears that PMPs are a safe and effective candidate for prolonging the lifespan of UC-MSCs; however, further investigations are needed to corroborate this finding.
Highlights
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), defined as nonhematopoietic, multipotential cells, possess self-renewal potential along with the ability to differentiate into mesodermal cells such as bone, cartilage, and fat.[1,2,3] recent studies have provided evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to differentiate toward ectodermal and endodermal layers such as liver and neurons.[4]
Since MSCs have a limited lifespan, they could enter the process of aging after a number of passages in tissue culture, a phenomenon that is associated with reduced proliferation rate and differentiation potential, morphological changes as well as significantly altered expressions of genes involved in the proliferation and regulation of microRNA levels.[2,4]
The present research was designed to investigate the effects of Platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) as the carrier of growth factors and miRNAs on hTERT, c-MYC, p16, p21 and p53 as the most essential genes required for proliferation and immortalization and to evaluate the potential of PMPs in increasing the longevity of MSCs
Summary
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), defined as nonhematopoietic, multipotential cells, possess self-renewal potential along with the ability to differentiate into mesodermal cells such as bone, cartilage, and fat.[1,2,3] recent studies have provided evidence that MSCs are able to differentiate toward ectodermal and endodermal layers such as liver and neurons.[4]. This study was aimed to assess the effect of platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs), a valuable source of proteins, microRNAs (miRNAs), and growth factors, on the expression of hTERT, c-MYC, p16, p53, and p21 as the most important aging and cell longevity genes alongside with population doubling time (PDT) of PMP-treated cells in comparison to a control group.
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