Abstract
BackgroundPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in regenerative dentistry. Furthermore, it is often applied in the pretreatment of titanium implants to improve their surface bioaffinity and initial stability. However, effects of PRP application on implant surface at cellular and molecular levels remain poorly understood. Therefore, we examined platelet adhesion on commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) plates, with a particular focus on fibrinogen (FGN), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and fibronectin (FN), in the presence or absence of plasma components.MethodsCitrated blood samples were obtained from six healthy male volunteers, and pure-PRP (P-PRP) and pure platelet suspensions in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were prepared. Platelet adhesion on cp-Ti plate surface was evaluated by phalloidin staining and tetrazolium dye assay. Distribution of FGN, vWF, FN, albumin, CD62P, and CD63 was examined by immunocytochemical analysis.ResultsPlatelets in PBS suspensions rapidly and time-dependently adhered to cp-Ti plate surface, but this adhesion was substantially disturbed by the presence of plasma components. FGN was most preferably adsorbed regardless of the presence or absence of plasma components, while vWF and FN showed greater accumulation on platelet adhesion area.ConclusionsAlthough FGN is rapidly and abundantly adsorbed on cp-Ti plate surface, vWF and FN function as major platelet adhesion molecules in citrated blood samples. After pretreatment with P-PRP, however, platelets adhered to cp-Ti much less efficiently. Therefore, P-PRP pretreatment might not directly contribute to surface functionalization, initial stabilization, and osseointegration of machined or similar types of implants.
Highlights
Platelets rapidly accumulate at the sites of injury to prevent bleeding and repair damaged tissue and organs by releasing growth factors [1]
Platelets in the form of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) suspensions adhered to the plain surface of the commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) plates immediately after inoculation, and the number of adhered platelets increased with time, reaching maximum adhesion at 40 min of incubation
The data obtained in this study are limited, titanium dental implants with a plain surface, such as machined implants, may not be significantly functionalized by a rapid Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) pretreatment
Summary
Platelets rapidly accumulate at the sites of injury to prevent bleeding and repair damaged tissue and organs by releasing growth factors [1] This fundamental function of platelets is the basis of regenerative therapy using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) [2]. PRP is often used in regenerative dentistry to acclimatize dental implant surface to in vivo conditions and, to functionalize the surface to improve its bioaffinity [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in regenerative dentistry It is often applied in the pretreatment of titanium implants to improve their surface bioaffinity and initial stability. We examined platelet adhesion on commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) plates, with a particular focus on fibrinogen (FGN), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and fibronectin (FN), in the presence or absence of plasma components
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