Abstract
Isotactic polypropylene was crystallized by the oriented growth method and the oriented β-phase obtained. This has unidirectional lamellar orientation with the lamellar long axis parallel to the growth direction, the lamellae being twisted along this direction. The sample plates were cold-rolled in three orthogonal directions, and the deformation behaviour of each case was investigated chiefly by wide-angle and small-angle X-ray diffraction methods. It was revealed that deformation takes place by a different mechanism in each case, including rotation of lamellae, interlamellar slip, chain-directional and transversal chain slip. These results are discussed in connection with the anisotropic structure of these samples due to the lamellar orientation. When the β-phase samples are rolled, α-phase crystals appear with c-axis orientation and the proportion increases with draw ratio. For crystallographic reasons it is concluded in this case that by stretching the c-axis orientation is brought about not through block formation of the original β-phase lamellae and incorporation of these blocks into microfibrils, but by melting or unfolding of the original β-phase lamellae and recrystallization to the c-axis-oriented new α-phase.
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