Abstract
Nosocomial infections and antibiotic resistance are serious and growing phenomenon in contemporary medicine and has emerged as one of the public health concerns. A total of seventy isolates of bacteria were collected from patients. The selected isolates include 33 (56.9%) from males and 25 (43.1%) from females. All bacteria were susceptible to imipenem followed by amikacin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, respectively. The multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial isolates (33 isolates) divided into four groups named Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were selected to be identified according to the keys of different identification protocols. Escherichia coli found to be the most frequent pathogen within MDR isolates followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia, respectively. The MICs and MBCs of (Imipenem, Amikacin, Ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin) against the most resistant isolates were determined. Generally, P. aeruginosa (Strain No. 55) was found to be the highest resistant bacteria. Plasmid profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was carried out, after incubation at 37oc for 24hr recorded no changes in plasmid and compared with incubation at 43oc (plasmid curing) which showed complete removal of plasmid bands and the tested bacteria became more sensitive to antibiotics. This study therefore determined the prevalence, anti-biotic susceptibility and plasmid patterns of P. aeruginosa strains from clinical specimens obtained from the intensive care units of Zagazig University Hospital in Egypt.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2016, 2(4): 703-711
Highlights
Nosocomial infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients
Plasmid profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was carried out, after incubation at 37oc for 24hr recorded no changes in plasmid and compared with incubation at 43oc which showed complete removal of plasmid bands and the tested bacteria became more sensitive to antibiotics
The main factors that lead to microbial resistance and the spread of multi-drug resistance organisms are thought to be the misuse of antibiotics by healthcare workers
Summary
Nosocomial infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. Pathogenic organisms that cause nosocomial infections can be transmitted to the community in a number of different ways and through health staff, visitors and discharged patients. The main factors that lead to microbial resistance and the spread of multi-drug resistance organisms are thought to be the misuse of antibiotics by healthcare workers. Plasmid is extra chromosomal DNA present in the cytoplasm of the cell, double stranded, circular DNA, self reproducing, many plasmids are transferred among bacterial cells such plasmids can lead to dissemination throughout a population, frequently containing genes that convey antibiotic resistance or toxin production (Saffar et al, 2008). The present work was aim to Studying the susceptibility and resistance of isolated bacteria to different antibiotics and determination of MICs and MBCs of some antibiotics against multi-resistant isolates and studying the analysis of plasmid profile for multi-drug resistant isolates
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