Abstract
Rhyzopertha dominica (Bostrichidae: Coleoptera) is one of the most serious devastating insect pests attacking stored wheat grains in Nigeria. The most common strategy adopted in controlling this insect pest is the application of synthetic pesticides which is costly, toxic to non-target organisms and is non eco-friendly. Botanical pesticides are recently used as alternatives to synthetic pesticides due to their non-hazardous effect on the environment and non-target organisms, cost effectiveness and direct impacts on the target organisms. This study was carried out to determine the toxicity of leaf powders obtained from three species of plants: Ageratum conyzoides, Momordica charantia and Tephrosia vogelii in the control of R. dominica infestation on stored wheat grains. Five doses (0.50, 1.00, 2.00, 4.00 and 8.00 g) per 20.00 g were measured from the powdered leaves of the tested plants with ethanol treatment as the control (0.00 g 20.00 g-1). The powdered doses were applied onto wheat grains before the insects were introduced. The experiment was laid down in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The data obtained was analyzed using analysis of variance at 5% probability level with Least Significant Difference used to separate the means. The results showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences in the magnitude of toxicity imparted by various doses of the powders on R. dominica. The treatments influence high rate of mortality, reduced number of laid eggs and emerged adults when compared with the control. The toxicity of the powders increased with increase in dosage. It was concluded that 8.00 g 20.00 g-1 of the powders were more toxic to R. dominica, inducing 28.00-77.30% insects’ mortality thereby protecting grain damage to as low as 1.04% at 6th month of storage. T. vogelii leaf powders were recommended for use against R. dominica in stored wheat grains.
 Key words: botanicals, dose, lesser grain borer, wheat
Highlights
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is the world’s most important cereal crop in relation to production and consumption (Ileke, 2011)
The result indicated that 8.00 g 20.00 g-1 of the powders obtained from Ageratum conyzoides, Momordica charantia and Tephrosia vogelii induced more than 50% mortality with mortality rate of 58.70%, 63.50% and 77.30% respectively
Botanical pesticides have proved vital in insect pests’ management strategies. These botanicals serve as alternatives to commercially used synthetic insecticides and many of them have often been used against a number of species of stored product insect pests including those in the Order Coleoptera and Lepidoptera (Nathan et al, 2007)
Summary
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is the world’s most important cereal crop in relation to production and consumption (Ileke, 2011). Despite the significant importance of wheat to food security in Africa in general and Nigeria in particular, its storage is threatened by several insect pests (Adedire, 2001; Ileke, 2011). These insect pests cause significant losses to stored wheat. Storage loss due to insects’ infestation was estimated to be up to 70% in developing countries (Strbac, 2002; Kavita, 2004) These insect pests cause quantitative and qualitative damage to grains (Fornal et al, 2007). One of the most serious devastating insect pests of wheat is the lesser grain borer (Rhyzophertha dominica)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
